Point statistics
Point statistics may help to get an impression of the nature of your point data for instance prior to a point interpolation or prior to kriging.
Spatial correlation calculates spatial autocorrelation (as Moran's I), spatial variance (as Geary's c), and semi-variogram values g(h) of pairs of point values where the points are at certain distances towards each other. The output of the spatial correlation operation can be displayed as a graph such as a semi-variogram. By modelling a semi-variogram, you can find the necessary input parameters, such as a model (spherical, exponential, etc.) and sill, range, and nugget values, for a kriging operation.
The Variogram surface operation calculates a surface of semi-variogram values where each cell (pixel) in the surface represents a directional distance class. The output surface, a raster map with a special kind of georeference, may help you to visualize possible anisotropy of your data and to determine the direction of the anisotropy axis. When there is anisotropy, it is advised to do the Spatial Correlation operation in order to find the necessary input parameters, such as a model (spherical, exponential, etc.) and sill, range, and nugget values, for anisotropic kriging.
Cross Variogram calculates experimental semi-variogram values for two variables and cross-variogram values for the combination of both variables. From the output table of the Cross Variogram operation, you can create semi-variogram models for both variables and a cross-variogram model for the combination of the variables. All three models serve as input for the CoKriging operation.
Pattern analysis calculates probabilities of finding 1 point (Prob1Pnt) within a certain distance from any point in your input map, then 2 points (Prob2Pnt), 3 points (Prob3Pnt), etc. Another column (ProbAllPnt) contains the sum of Prob1Pnt, Prob2Pnt, ..., Prob(n-1), in which n is the number of points in the input map. By inspecting the graphs of distances against probabilities, you may recognize distribution patterns of your points like random, clustered, regular, paired etc.